Nathan Bawuah died after an attack in Hackney Road at roughly 11pm on Saturday.
The boy charged, also aged 17, is due to appear in custody at Stratford Magistrates later on Wednesday.
He was arrested by detectives on Monday and cannot be named for legal reasons. A post-mortem examination is scheduled to take place at Poplar Mortuary.
Friends of Nathan lay flowers at the crime scene describing him as "a good soul".
A card left at the scene said: "I can't imagine a world without you in it..."
A police statement on Wednesday said “This (charge) relates to an incident in Hackney Road, E2 on Saturday, 17 February when 17-year-old Nathan Bawuah died after being stabbed.
“Nathan’s family has been informed and continue to receive support from specialist officers.”
The teenager is the second to be killed in London this year. The first was Tyler Donnelly, 19, who was found by joggers with fatal stab wounds in a park in Feltham on January 25.
A total of 21 teenagers were killed in the capital last year, up from 14 in 2022. The number peaked at 30 in 2021.
Detective Chief Superintendent James Conway, who runs policing in Hackney and Haringey, said after the Hackney killing: “My thoughts are with the family of the young person who has tragically lost his life.”
